Correlation between fractional exhaled nitric oxide and airway reversibility in children with IgE-mediated asthma / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To study the correlation between fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) and airway reversibility in children with IgE-mediated asthma.@*METHODS@#A total of 86 children, aged 6-14 years, who were initially diagnosed with acute attack of asthma from September 2016 to August 2018 were enrolled as subjects. According to the results of serum specific IgE, they were divided into IgE mediated group with 61 children and non-IgE mediated group with 25 children. According to the results of allergen detection, the IgE mediated group was further divided into four groups with one, two, three, and four or more positive allergens. FeNO and the parameters of pulmonary ventilation function before and after dilation test were measured. Pearson correlation analysis was used to evaluate the correlation of FeNO with each parameter of pulmonary function.@*RESULTS@#The IgE mediated group had significantly higher FeNO than the non-IgE mediated group (P0.05). In the non-IgE mediated group, FeNO level was not correlated with the above indicators (P>0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#FeNO level is associated with the degree of allergies. For children with IgE-mediated asthma, FeNO is positively correlated with airway reversibility, which has a certain value in the diagnosis of asthma, disease evaluation, and understanding of airway reversibility. For children with non-IgE-mediated asthma, FeNO cannot be used to evaluate airway reversibility. These two types of asthma should be treated differently.

Association of ORMDL3 single nucleotide polymorphisms with lysophosphatidylcholine and apolipoprotein B levels in children with asthma / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the association of ORMDL3 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) with lysophosphatidylcholine (LysoPC) and apolipoprotein B (apoB) levels.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 300 children diagnosed with bronchial asthma between January 2010 and December 2012 were selected for the asthma group, and 298 children diagnosed with upper respiratory tract infection in the same period were selected for the control group. Serum LysoPC and apoB levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Genotype analysis was performed using the TaqMan probe.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>LysoPC and apoB levels were significantly higher in the asthma group than in the control group (P<0.01). Among children with various genotypes of ORMDL3 gene at locus rs12603332, the asthma group had significantly higher LysoPC and apoB levels than the control group (P<0.01). Among the children with asthma, those with CC genotype had significantly higher LysoPC and apoB levels than those with CT and TT genotypes (P<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>LysoPC and apoB may intervene in the pathological process of asthma. Pro-inflammatory gene ORMDL3 SNP rs12603332 may be associated with high LysoPC and apoB levels, which leads to the occurrence of childhood asthma.</p>

Spectrum of pathogens for community-acquired pneumonia in children / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the spectrum of pathogens for community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in children, and to provide a basis for the diagnosis and treatment of CAP.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Respiratory secretions and venous blood samples were collected from 1560 children with CAP aged from one month to 9 years within 2 hours after admission, for detection of multiple pathogens. Respiratory virus antigens in nasopharyngeal swab specimens were detected by immunofluorescence. Sputum was used for bacterial culture. Levels of Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP)-IgM and Chlamydia pneumoniae (CP)-IgM in venous blood were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 579 strains of bacteria were isolated from all respiratory secretions, including 213 (36.8%) Gram-positive strains and 366 (63.2%) Gram-negative strains. The five most common strains were Haemophilus influenzae (7.50%), Streptococcus pneumoniae (6.73%), Staphylococcus aureus (6.35%), Moraxella catarrhalis (5.19%), and Escherichia coli (3.46%), wherein the beta-lactamase-producing strains accounted for 3.3% of all strains. The non-bacterial pathogens mainly included respiratory syncytial virus (12.88%), MP (7.88%), and CP (8.91%). Mixed infection of pathogens was serious, and the mixed infection of respiratory syncytial virus with Haemophilus influenzae infections were the most common. For most pathogens, the infection rate was higher in children aged under one year than in those aged over one year.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Haemophilus influenzae, respiratory syncytial virus, MP and CP are the main pathogens for children with CAP. For most pathogens, the infection rate is higher in children aged under one year than in those aged over one year. Mixed infection rate of pathogens is high.</p>

Etiology and risk factors of infantile wheezing / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the etiology and risk factors of infantile wheezing.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The clinical data of 180 infants with wheezing were retrospectively studied. The risk factors for wheezing attacks were investigated by logistic regression analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Viral infection (33.3%) was the most common cause for wheezing attacks, followed by asthma (19.4%), parental smoking and special environments (15.6%), gastroesophageal reflux disease (12.8%), premature delivery (7.8%), Mycoplasma infection (6.7%), and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (4.4%). The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed 7 factors that significantly correlated with wheezing attacks: allergic history of parents, sensitization to alimentary or inspiratory allergens, viral or Mycoplasma infection, premature delivery and special environments.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The commonest cause of infantile wheezing is viral infection, followed by asthma. Genetic factors, individual atopic constitution and environmental factors play important roles in wheezing attacks.</p>

Packaging and concentrating of high titer of retrovirus containing IL-4RA / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To construct a recombination retroviral expression vector pLNC-IL-4RA with high efficiency transfection and carrying a screening label.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>IL-4RA was inserted into retroviral vector pLNC-Laz to get recombination retroviral expression vector pLNC-IL-4RA and then transfected into packaging cell line PA317 by liposome transfection. The transfected PA317 cells were obtained and amplified by G418 pressure screening. The cell culture supernatants containing viruses were harvested and the viral titer was determined by NIH3T3 cells infection.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The G418 resistant clones were titrated and checked for the presence of replication virus. The results showed that the highest titer of viral supernatant was 1 x 10(4) CFU/mL. Genome DNA isolated from the cell clone of the highest titer showed the function gene, IL-4RA cDNA, had integrated into the genome of host cells verified by PCR.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The recombination retroviral vector pLNC-IL-4RA encoding IL-4RA after packaging PA317 cells have higher viral titer. This provides a basis for gene treatment of asthma.</p>